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/* Homepage name and navigation refresh */
.hero h1{font-size:clamp(3.5rem,5.6vw,5.3rem);margin-bottom:12px}
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.social-link{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;color:var(--blue);text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid var(--blue);padding:8px 0}
.site-header nav{align-items:center;gap:24px}
.site-header nav a[href="https://gross.substack.com/"]{padding:8px 15px;background:var(--ink);color:white;border:1px solid var(--ink)}
.site-header nav a[href="https://gross.substack.com/"]:hover{background:var(--blue);border-color:var(--blue)}
@media(max-width:900px){.site-header{gap:20px}.site-header nav{gap:16px}.wordmark{flex-shrink:0}}
@media(max-width:640px){.site-header nav{gap:10px 18px}.hero h1{font-size:clamp(3rem,12vw,4.4rem)}}

.paper-heading{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;justify-content:space-between;gap:28px}.paper-heading>div{flex:1;min-width:0}.paper-figure{flex:0 0 260px;display:block;text-decoration:none;color:var(--muted);font-size:.7rem;text-align:right}.paper-figure img{display:block;width:100%;height:165px;object-fit:contain;background:transparent;border:0;padding:0}.paper-figure span{display:block;margin-top:5px}.paper-heading:has(.paper-figure){margin-bottom:12px}@media(max-width:900px){.paper-figure{flex-basis:210px}.paper-figure img{height:145px}}@media(max-width:640px){.paper-heading{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.paper-figure{flex:auto;width:100%;max-width:340px}.paper-figure img{height:auto;max-height:220px}}

.teaching-archive-title{margin:25px 0 28px}.course>p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--muted)}

.policy-lab{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1.65fr;gap:3rem;padding:42px 0;margin-bottom:45px;border-top:1px solid var(--line);border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}.policy-lab[hidden]{display:none}.lab-controls h2{font:400 clamp(2rem,3.5vw,3rem)/1.13 var(--serif);letter-spacing:-.03em;margin-bottom:18px}.lab-controls>p:not(.eyebrow){color:var(--muted);font-size:.9375rem}.lab-controls label{display:block;font-size:.8125rem;margin-top:25px}.lab-controls output{display:block;font:400 1.4rem/1.5 var(--serif);margin-bottom:12px}.lab-controls input{width:100%;accent-color:var(--blue);cursor:pointer;min-height:28px}.lab-scale{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted)}.lab-presets{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:8px;margin:18px 0 24px}.policy-lab button{font:inherit;font-size:.8125rem;background:white;color:var(--ink);border:1px solid var(--line);padding:8px 12px;cursor:pointer}.policy-lab button:hover{background:var(--pale);border-color:var(--blue)}.policy-lab button:focus-visible,.policy-lab input:focus-visible{outline:3px solid #b56415;outline-offset:3px}.lab-visual{align-self:center;min-width:0}.lab-legend{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:24px;font-size:.8125rem}.lab-legend span:before{content:'';display:inline-block;width:20px;height:3px;margin-right:8px;vertical-align:middle;background:var(--blue)}.lab-legend .lab-inflation-key:before{background:#bd642f}.lab-replay{margin-left:auto}.lab-visual svg{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;overflow:visible}.lab-grid{fill:none;stroke:var(--line);stroke-width:.6}.lab-baseline{stroke:#8597a5;stroke-dasharray:4 5;fill:none}.lab-axis{fill:var(--muted);font:12px Arial,sans-serif}.lab-line{fill:none;stroke:var(--blue);stroke-width:3;stroke-linecap:round;stroke-linejoin:round}#lab-inflation{stroke:#bd642f;stroke-width:3}.lab-response{font:400 1.15rem/1.5 var(--serif);min-height:3em;margin:15px 0 8px}.lab-note{font-size:.75rem;color:var(--muted);margin:0}@media(max-width:760px){.policy-lab{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:28px}.lab-controls h2 br{display:none}.lab-legend{gap:14px}.lab-response{min-height:0}}
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.rate-history .rate-heading{align-items:center;margin-bottom:24px}.rate-history .rate-heading h2{margin:0}.rate-history .rate-date{padding:0}.rate-history .rate-controls{margin-bottom:0}@media(max-width:640px){.rate-history .rate-heading{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:12px}.rate-history .rate-heading h2{font-size:1.7rem}.rate-history .rate-date{min-width:100px}.rate-history .rate-date strong{font-size:1.15rem}}

/* Responsive reading, charts and touch targets. */
img{max-width:100%}.research-layout>*,.media-section>*,.substack-section>*{min-width:0}
.paper h3,.paper h4,.media-row h3,.course h2{overflow-wrap:break-word}
#rate-chart{min-height:0}.rate-controls button,.rate-controls>input,.rate-reveal{min-height:44px}
.rate-reveal{cursor:pointer}.rate-reveal input{width:20px;height:20px;flex-shrink:0}
@media(max-width:1000px) and (min-width:641px){
 .paper-heading{flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.paper-figure{flex:auto;width:100%;max-width:340px}
 .paper-figure img{height:auto;max-height:220px}
 .substack-section{gap:2rem;padding:2rem}.substack-latest{padding-left:2rem}
}
@media(max-width:760px){.site-header{align-items:flex-start;flex-direction:column;gap:12px}.site-header nav{margin-top:0}.rate-controls{flex-wrap:wrap}.rate-reveal{width:100%}}
@media(max-width:640px){
 .site-header nav{gap:4px 18px;margin-top:14px}.site-header nav a{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}
 .page-heading h1{font-size:clamp(2.5rem,11vw,3.4rem)}
 .course{padding:24px}.course h2{font-size:1.6rem;margin-bottom:20px}
 .portrait img{height:auto;aspect-ratio:1/1;object-fit:cover}
 .rate-history .rate-heading{flex-direction:column;gap:8px;margin-bottom:16px}
 .rate-history .rate-date{margin:0}.rate-history .rate-date strong{font-size:1.25rem}
 .rate-legend{font-size:.8125rem;gap:8px 16px}.rate-controls{gap:8px 12px}
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 details summary{min-height:44px;padding:10px 0}.paper-link,.footer-links a,.social-link,.substack-section .text-link{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;min-height:44px}
 .actions{gap:12px 20px}.footer-links{gap:4px 20px}
}

/* Lead the homepage with the animation. */
main>.rate-history:first-child{margin-top:32px;margin-bottom:0}
@media(max-width:640px){main>.rate-history:first-child{margin-top:20px}}

#rate-forward{stroke:url(#rate-forward-fade);stroke-width:2.5}

/* Ambient cash-rate history: decorative, fixed and never interactive. */
body{isolation:isolate;background:#fafcfd}
#rate-background{position:fixed;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;z-index:-1;pointer-events:none;opacity:.34}
.site-header,main,footer{position:relative}
@media(max-width:640px){#rate-background{opacity:.26}}
@media print{#rate-background{display:none}}

.hero h1 .nickname{display:block;font-size:.42em;line-height:1.4;letter-spacing:-.02em;margin-top:10px}.hero h1{margin-bottom:28px}